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• Reusable bomber drones join the Pentagon's Drone Dominance Program
• Payloads must exceed 8 kilograms, matching existing mortar rounds already available
• Drones must operate 15 to 30 kilometers from their launch positions

The Pentagon has expanded its Drone Dominance Program by seeking reusable unmanned aircraft capable of carrying bombs instead of functioning solely as one-way attack systems.

Unlike traditional strategic bombers, these aircraft are expected to carry payloads exceeding 8 kg (about 18 lb), placing these aircraft in a very different category from long-range bombers such as the B-52.

According to a new Request for Solutions, the Defence Department is seeking man-packable or light combat vehicle transportable drones capable of operating between 15 km and 30 km from their launch positions.

Small reusable bombers instead of strategic aircraft

Officials expect most candidate systems to weigh no more than 55 lb at gross take-off weight, excluding payload, making them substantially smaller than conventional military bombers.

The required payload exceeds 8 kg and should accommodate mortar rounds or similar munitions already available within existing military inventories.

Rather than releasing a single weapon before returning home, the aircraft should carry multiple warheads capable of engaging several moving or stationary.

Potential objectives include enemy personnel, light armoured vehicles, heavy armour, maritime surface craft, landing vessels, and additional battlefield assets requiring precision engagement.

The Pentagon also requires these systems to remain operational during adverse weather, varying lighting conditions, and attempts to disrupt communications or satellite navigation through electronic jamming.

Officials also want advanced automation integrated into the aircraft, including autonomous functions and automated target recognition intended to reduce operator workload during combat missions.

"Vendors shall demonstrate targeting capabilities designed to improve engagement effectiveness, increase delivery accuracy, and reduce operation cognitive workload during target prosecution," the solicitation states.

Testing will include engagements involving stationary and moving drones, as well as stationary and moving objectives, across different operating heights.

Prototype competition will determine larger future purchases

The Pentagon expects reusable bomber drones to deliver greater reliability than manually piloted first-person-view aircraft. They will be designed for repeated combat operations instead of single-use attacks.

"Systems with advanced features are expected to achieve better results than simple first-person view (FPV) drones that are manual and rely on continuous operator input," the solicitation adds.

The department also said reusable platforms should provide higher reliability and capability than one-way attack systems because they are expected to survive multiple missions.

Manufacturers that complete the initial qualification stage will advance to a competitive evaluation known as the Gauntlet, scheduled for October, in which military personnel will assess complete operational systems.

Evaluators will examine aircraft performance together with payload release mechanisms, ground control equipment, and supporting hardware before determining which companies receive prototype awards.

Following those assessments, the Pentagon plans approximately $32 million in initial prototype contracts covering as many as 1,200 drone systems together with associated logistics packages.

The prototypes will be delivered within five months after receiving an order, while half of the requested systems must arrive within two-and-a-half months.

Via Defense Scoop

The government had accused David Hearn of ripping a piece of sealant after a $14-million renovation. Hearn has repeatedly said that he simply touched the water in the pool out of curiosity last month.

(Image credit: Finn Gomez)

Here are hints and the answers for the NYT Connections: Sports Edition puzzle No. 677 for Saturday, Aug. 1.

As of August 2026, there are 43 free cloud storage providers offering a combined capacity of almost 1.54TB.

The majority of these providers are based in Europe and offer capacities ranging from a few hundred MB to a staggering 1.02 TB.

Terabox exceeds the capacity of most paid cloud storage services but has some serious restrictions (but then again, 1TB...).

Against all odds, there are more free cloud storage providers than three years ago. This is bucking a trend (free web hosting services numbers are going down) and is in spite of more intense competition from hyperscalers (including Facebook) as well as increasing operational costs (hello Ram-geddon).

Over the past five years, dozens of cloud storage companies have either given up on free cloud storage (e.g Samsung, Amazon and Ionos) or closed shop altogether (e.g. Flipdrive, Ganso).

What you may end up needing is a cloud storage management service to aggregate all your cloud storage, presenting you with a unified interface. You won’t find any free ones as bandwidth is costly, which explains why a few services listed here have bandwidth restrictions (Icedrive, for example, has a 3GB per day limit).

For this article, we’ve selected free cloud storage providers that do offer totally free unrestricted access to their services: so no trial e.g. try free for 90 days.

Want to take the pain out of cloud storage?

For those who want to pay a bit extra. IDrive, the cloud storage veteran, delivers tons of storage online for an incredibly small outlay. 10TB for $4.98 for the first year is unmatched till now and so is the support for unlimited devices and the extensive file versioning system available.View Deal

How much do you spend on your cloud storage provider? Either as a standalone service or part of a bundle. Be it Google, Microsoft, Apple or someone else?

All free cloud storage providers

Partner

Location

Free Cloud storage

Terabox

CN

1024GB

Playbook

US

100GB

Blomp

US

40GB

Bacloud

EU

32GB

Degoo

EU

30GB

Drime

EU

20GB

Mega

AU

20GB

Mobidrive

US

20GB

Digiboxx

IN

20GB

Shadowdrive

EU

20GB

Infinicloud

JP

20GB

KDrive

EU

15GB

Google Drive

US

15GB

Idrive

US

10GB

Box

US

10GB

pCloud

EU

10GB

Mediafire

US

10GB

IceDrive

EU

10GB

Koofr

EU

10GB

Filen

EU

10GB

Hivenet

EU

10GB

Backlaze

US

10GB

Jumpshare

US

6.25GB

Proton Drive

EU

5GB

PowerFolder

EU

5GB

OneDrive

US

5GB

iCloud

US

5GB

DriveHQ

US

5GB

Sync

US

5GB

OpenDrive

US

5GB

Cozy

EU

5GB

Jottacloud

EU

5GB

Zoho WorkDrive

US

5GB

Nordlocker

EU

3GB

Tresorit

EU

3GB

Cloudme

EU

3GB

DropBox

US

2GB

GMX

EU

2GB

Owndrive

EU

1GB

Woekli

EU

1GB

Internxt

EU

1GB

Zotero

EU

0.3GB

Bublup

EU

0.25GB

Looking for a different day?

A new Quordle puzzle appears at midnight each day for your time zone – which means that some people are always playing 'today's game' while others are playing 'yesterday's'. If you're looking for Friday's puzzle instead then click here: Quordle hints and answers for Friday, July 31 (game #1649).

Quordle was one of the original Wordle alternatives and is still going strong now more than 1,500 games later. It offers a genuine challenge, though, so read on if you need some Quordle hints today — or scroll down further for the answers.

Enjoy playing word games? You can also check out my NYT Connections today and NYT Strands today pages for hints and answers for those puzzles, while Marc's Wordle today column covers the original viral word game.

SPOILER WARNING: Information about Quordle today is below, so don't read on if you don't want to know the answers.

Quordle today (game #1650) — hint #1 — VowelsHow many different vowels are in Quordle today?

• The number of different vowels in Quordle today is 4*.

* Note that by vowel we mean the five standard vowels (A, E, I, O, U), not Y (which is sometimes counted as a vowel too).

Quordle today (game #1650) — hint #2 — repeated lettersDo any of today's Quordle answers contain repeated letters?

• The number of Quordle answers containing a repeated letter today is 1.

Quordle today (game #1650) — hint #3 — uncommon lettersDo the letters Q, Z, X or J appear in Quordle today?

• No. None of Q, Z, X or J appear among today's Quordle answers.

Quordle today (game #1650) — hint #4 — starting letters (1)Do any of today's Quordle puzzles start with the same letter?

• The number of today's Quordle answers starting with the same letter is 0.

If you just want to know the answers at this stage, simply scroll down. If you're not ready yet then here's one more clue to make things a lot easier:

Quordle today (game #1650) — hint #5 — starting letters (2)What letters do today's Quordle answers start with?

• O

• B

• S

• E

Right, the answers are below, so DO NOT SCROLL ANY FURTHER IF YOU DON'T WANT TO SEE THEM.

Quordle today (game #1650) — the answers

(Image credit: Merriam-Webster)

The answers to today's Quordle, game #1650, are…

• OMEGA
• BIRCH
• SMOCK
• EERIE

There were a couple of really tricky words in this game.

Fortunately, I couldn’t think of anything that ended in R-I-E apart from EERIE and then after deciding the final word must begin O-M there was only one possible word it could be.

Daily Sequence today (game #1650) — the answers

(Image credit: Merriam-Webster)

The answers to today's Quordle Daily Sequence, game #1650, are…

• WINCE
• BRAKE
• COMET
• WORST

Quordle answers: The past 20

• Quordle #1649, Friday, 31 July: MANIA, SINGE, STOOL, LOFTY
• Quordle #1648, Thursday, 30 July: MODAL, IDLER, CHUMP, LUMPY
• Quordle #1647, Wednesday, 29 July: GAWKY, ALLOY, AUDIT, LATCH
• Quordle #1646, Tuesday, 28 July: SMITE, ROACH, RUDDY, GLOBE
• Quordle #1645, Monday, 27 July: TAFFY, FIGHT, GUILD, WAGER
• Quordle #1644, Sunday, 26 July: STOMP, LIMIT, FUNKY, STEAD
• Quordle #1643, Saturday, 25 July: SALON, SHEEN, BURST, GOURD
• Quordle #1642, Friday, 24 July: DOLLY, EDIFY, LAGER, PRANK
• Quordle #1641, Thursday, 23 July: LADEN, EVICT, WOVEN, SHIRE
• Quordle #1640, Wednesday, 22 July: COYLY, SINGE, AWASH, AWOKE
• Quordle #1639, Tuesday, 21 July: TRUSS, AXIAL, SWINE, THING
• Quordle #1638, Monday, 20 July: ICING, SLICK, GAILY, RISEN
• Quordle #1637, Sunday, 19 July: SPURT, ACRID, THRUM, BLEEP
• Quordle #1636, Saturday, 18 July: KNAVE, TIGHT, BLEAT, CHAOS
• Quordle #1635, Friday, 17 July: CUMIN, PALER, GRASS, INBOX
• Quordle #1634, Thursday, 16 July: IGLOO, PLAIT, YEAST, AROMA
• Quordle #1633, Wednesday, 15 July: PROXY, BRICK, BROTH, SURGE
• Quordle #1632, Tuesday, 14 July: EBONY, AVOID, RODEO, CUTIE
• Quordle #1631, Monday, 13 July: VOICE, BISON, BURNT, BUILT
• Quordle #1630, Sunday, 12 July: STAIN, BINGO, LARVA, DICEY

Looking for a different day?

A new NYT Connections puzzle appears at midnight each day for your time zone – which means that some people are always playing 'today's game' while others are playing 'yesterday's'. If you're looking for Friday's puzzle instead then click here: NYT Connections hints and answers for Friday, July 31 (game #1146).

Good morning! Let's play Connections, the NYT's clever word game that challenges you to group answers in various categories. It can be tough, so read on if you need Connections hints.

What should you do once you've finished? Why, play some more word games of course. I've also got daily Strands hints and answers and Quordle hints and answers articles if you need help for those too, while Marc's Wordle today page covers the original viral word game.

SPOILER WARNING: Information about NYT Connections today is below, so don't read on if you don't want to know the answers.

NYT Connections today (game #1147) - today's words

(Image credit: New York Times)

Today's NYT Connections words are…

• WALTZ
• LOAFER
• SHAM
• BORE
• REAM
• BOULEVARD
• SHEET
• BALE
• THROW
• BUNDLE
• JORDAN
• ROLLS-ROYCE
• PHOENIX
• DRILL
• COMFORTER
• COUNTERSINK

NYT Connections today (game #1147) - hint #1 - group hints

What are some clues for today's NYT Connections groups?

• YELLOW: Sleep under or on it
• GREEN: Movie icons
• BLUE: Make a dent in things
• PURPLE: Ready, steady, bake

Need more clues?

We're firmly in spoiler territory now, but read on if you want to know what the four theme answers are for today's NYT Connections puzzles…

NYT Connections today (game #1147) - hint #2 - group answers

What are the answers for today's NYT Connections groups?

• YELLOW: BEDDING
• GREEN: OSCAR-WINNING ACTORS SINCE 2010
• BLUE: PERFORM SOME HOLE MACHINING OPERATION
• PURPLE: STARTING WITH BREAD SHAPES

Right, the answers are below, so DO NOT SCROLL ANY FURTHER IF YOU DON'T WANT TO SEE THEM.

NYT Connections today (game #1147) - the answers

(Image credit: New York Times)

The answers to today's Connections, game #1147, are…

• YELLOW: BEDDING: COMFORTER, SHAM, SHEET, THROW
• GREEN: OSCAR-WINNING ACTORS SINCE 2010: BALE, JORDAN, PHOENIX, WALTZ
• BLUE: PERFORM SOME HOLE MACHINING OPERATION: S BORE, COUNTERSINK, DRILL, REAM
• PURPLE: STARTING WITH BREAD SHAPES: BOULEVARD, BUNDLE, LOAFER, ROLLS-ROYCE

• My rating: Easy
• My score: Perfect

I usually jump straight in when I have a hunch, but today I held back until I was certain.

The result was that I went through this game without any mistakes, however I also missed out on a “purple first”, as hesitancy held me back when I was feeling sure that roll, bun and loaf at the start of ROLLS-ROYCE, BUNDLE and LOAFER was no coincidence.

Alas, being unfamiliar with boule (it’s a type of French bread) meant I couldn't follow up on my half-baked theory.

Yesterday's NYT Connections answers (Friday, July 31, 2026, game #1146)

• YELLOW: CONSTRUCT: FASHION, MODEL, MOLD, SHAPE
• GREEN: SUPER MARIO FIGURES: DINOSAUR, MUSHROOM, PLUMBER, PRINCESS
• BLUE: FRUITS PLUS STARTING LETTER: DAPPLE, JDATE, SLIME, SPEAR
• PURPLE: STARTING WITH MERRIMENTS: CHEERIOS, FUNGUS, GLEEK, JOYSTICK

What is NYT Connections?

NYT Connections is one of several increasingly popular word games made by the New York Times. It challenges you to find groups of four items that share something in common, and each group has a different difficulty level: green is easy, yellow a little harder, blue often quite tough and purple usually very difficult.

On the plus side, you don't technically need to solve the final one, as you'll be able to answer that one by a process of elimination. What's more, you can make up to four mistakes, which gives you a little bit of breathing room.

It's a little more involved than something like Wordle, however, and there are plenty of opportunities for the game to trip you up with tricks. For instance, watch out for homophones and other word games that could disguise the answers.

It's playable for free via the NYT Games site on desktop or mobile.

Looking for a different day?

A new NYT Strands puzzle appears at midnight each day for your time zone – which means that some people are always playing 'today's game' while others are playing 'yesterday's'. If you're looking for Friday's puzzle instead then click here: NYT Strands hints and answers for Friday, July 31 (game #880).

Strands is the NYT's latest word game after the likes of Wordle, Spelling Bee and Connections – and it's great fun. It can be difficult, though, so read on for my Strands hints.

Want more word-based fun? Then check out my NYT Connections today and Quordle today pages for hints and answers for those games, and Marc's Wordle today page for the original viral word game.

SPOILER WARNING: Information about NYT Strands today is below, so don't read on if you don't want to know the answers.

NYT Strands today (game #881) - hint #1 - today's themeWhat is the theme of today's NYT Strands?

• Today's NYT Strands theme is… As if!

NYT Strands today (game #881) - hint #2 - clue words

Play any of these words to unlock the in-game hints system.

• GAPE
• HUGE
• CRIER
• DRUG
• SURE
• STOP

NYT Strands today (game #881) - hint #3 - spangram lettersHow many letters are in today's spangram?

• Spangram has 7 letters

NYT Strands today (game #881) - hint #4 - spangram positionWhat are two sides of the board that today's spangram touches?

• First side: left, 1st row

• Last side: right, 7th row

Right, the answers are below, so DO NOT SCROLL ANY FURTHER IF YOU DON'T WANT TO SEE THEM.

NYT Strands today (game #881) - the answers

(Image credit: New York Times)

The answers to today's Strands, game #881, are…

• SILLY
• ABSURD
• PREPOSTEROUS
• LUDICROUS
• LAUGHABLE
• SPANGRAM: GETREAL

• My rating: Easy
• My score: Perfect

I would be lying if I didn’t say it was great fun spotting and connecting PREPOSTEROUS, but I’m sure there weren’t many player who missed this 12-letter word practically standing out and waving at us on the left side of the board.

To be fair, the rest of the board was similarly easy to spot, with only LAUGHABLE slowing me down a little as I completed my search for reactions to an unbelievable statement.

In my schooldays, I was behind plenty of tall tales that would elicit an “as if!” response, although the thing was I believed most of them. Here are some of my claims aged nine, and the truth about each: my uncle was a professional footballer (he played for a village team), I was related to Paul McCartney (my mum fancied him), my mate Kevin's family were millionaires (they won a raffle). As if, indeed!

Yesterday's NYT Strands answers (Friday, July 31, game #880)

• CHARMING
• BOLD
• BOSSY
• LOYAL
• GENEROUS
• DRAMATIC
• SPANGRAM: LEOTHELION

What is NYT Strands?

Strands is the NYT's not-so-new-any-more word game, following Wordle and Connections. It's now a fully fledged member of the NYT's games stable that has been running for a year and which can be played on the NYT Games site on desktop or mobile.

I've got a full guide to how to play NYT Strands, complete with tips for solving it, so check that out if you're struggling to beat it each day.

Here are hints and the answers for the NYT Strands puzzle No.881 for Aug. 1.

• Seagate confirms its 5TB-per-disk Mozaic 5+ platform is on track for qualification shipments in late calendar 2027, putting 50TB-class drives on course for 2028
• Qualification is not availability: OEM and hyperscaler validation adds months to a year, pushing real volume to 2029; the original roadmap target for 50TB was 2026
• With most high-capacity storage already allocated in 2028 under long-term contracts and Seagate holding unit output flat, retail buyers are last in a queue that is already years long

Seagate used its recent fiscal fourth quarter earnings 2026 call to put a fresh date on the next rung of its hard drive roadmap - but it is not close.

Company chair and chief executive Dave Mosley told analysts the Mozaic 5+, the company's 5TB-per-disk platform, remains on track for qualification shipments in late calendar 2027.

This is what matters for those looking to score a single highest-capacity consumer-grade HDD that Seagate makes: Ten of those platters in a single 3.5-inch chassis is what gets Seagate to the 50TB-class drives it has been promising for the better part of a decade.

A bad time to be looking for a storage upgrade

Most consumer PCs now ship with SSDs, but flash remains considerably more expensive than disk at equivalent capacity. Buyers who need bulk storage and can tolerate slower access times still choose HDDs for the simple reason that they cost far less per terabyte.

The problem for end users and professionals who need that capacity right now is that, as with RAM and SSDs, hyperscalers have entered the equation, and constrained supply is pushing prices and availability down across the board.

It does not help that qualification of Seagate's 50TB drives in late 2027 is not the same as availability. Qualification shipments are engineering samples sent to OEM and hyperscale customers to run their own validation; production is scheduled for 2028, and the original target was 2026.

Seagate's public roadmap slides in late 2019 put 50TB HAMR drives in 2026. That target survived, at least rhetorically, into 2023, when the company was still pairing a delayed 30TB launch with a stated 50TB-by-2026 ambition. By mid-2025, when the first 40TB HAMR samples went out to data center customers, the roadmap had been restated as 44TB in 2027 and 50TB in 2028.

More delays in the offing?

Seagate also flagged its own execution risk on the same call. Management noted that moving from 3TB to 4TB, then to 5TB per disk, requires more tool time and can slow manufacturing throughput. That is an unusually candid caveat to volunteer to analysts, and it is the most likely source of another date change.

None of these points to a further slip, but it does make for a sobering timeline. Retail buyers get nothing when the drives ship in 2028, because that output is already spoken for by Seagate's largest customers: data center operators and hyperscalers.

The channel is served last, and a 50TB drive is unlikely to appear on a shelf, physical or virtual, until well after volume production begins around 2029.

The unintended consequences of progress, including the risks and possible harms caused, are always a factor that scientists and engineers consider in building any new technology. In today's age, the spotlight is on AI – but the range of possibilities that progress might bring is near unfathomable.

I am become death

Chris Nolan, director of a string of cinematic successes across the last three decades, was speaking on the subject matter of his 2023 blockbuster 'Oppenheimer' during a press tour.

Quote of the day

This article is part of TechRadar Pro's QOTD project to provide an insight into the minds of the brightest and most recognized figures in the technology industry today and in years gone by. Read the full series here.

During a New York panel following a preview screening of the film, Nolan was speaking on the rise of AI, which has fallen into perspective after showing immense promise.

Although the mainstream image of AI has been coloured by a string of science-fiction movies throughout history, there are still valid questions to be asked about the unintended consequences of building and releasing new tools without an awful lot of testing.

Similar to the nature of the work that scientist J Robert Oppenheimer did on the Manhattan Project, there is a "dual-use dilemma" in the way that AI could either be used for good or to cause catastrophic harm.

Unintended consequences

Similar to fears expressed during that period of history, scientists and researchers frequently warn about ways in which AI can either be misaligned or spiral out of control, or ways in which people can exploit it for malicious intent.

A study published in May 2024, for example, highlights the possible risks of a future AI that could deceive humans. It uses documented examples as a springboard to speculate that a future system may decide to mislead humanity for purposes that differ from the humans that built and use it.

There are also flaws with these parallels, namely, unlike nuclear weapons, AI development spans thousands of organizations around the world. There's also a dominance in the private sector, a much lower barrier to entry, and more difficulties in verifying and inspecting whether AI is being used in positive or harmful ways.

Gamers are planning a boycott called PSBlackout for the week of Aug. 23.

• NEC unveiled a 999 g business laptop with exceptional battery endurance
• LAVIE BM94C uses carbon fibre to achieve a remarkably light business device
• AI battery management helps extend operating time throughout demanding working days

NEC Personal Computers has unveiled the LAVIE BM94C, a business laptop weighing just 999 g with a starting price of 584,100 yen (about $3,570).

The lightweight notebook is initially launching only in Japan despite attracting attention for combining premium hardware with unusually long battery endurance.

Developed as the flagship model in NEC's latest LAVIE business lineup, the device focuses on portability, durability, and AI-assisted power management.

Built around portability without compromising battery life

The BM94C was developed under what NEC calls Project 999, an engineering effort balancing an ultra-light chassis with a large battery normally associated with heavier business laptops.

Its body uses laminated aerospace-grade carbon fibre supplied by Toray, while the top panel incorporates the company's ultra-lightweight core technology to improve rigidity without adding unnecessary weight.

NEC also applied fingerprint-resistant and abrasion-resistant coatings, making the notebook easier to clean while reducing visible wear from daily business use.

Power comes from a 99.9 Wh battery rated for approximately 30.5 hours of video playback and around 50.8 hours of idle operation under JEITA 3.0 testing standards.

According to NEC, a 30-minute recharge provides approximately eight hours of operation, reducing the need to carry a charger during short business trips.

The company also introduced Long Battery Mode, an AI feature analysing applications consuming unnecessary power before recommending ways to extend battery life.

NEC further claims its intelligent charging tech reduces long-term battery degradation, maintaining about 72.7% battery health after five years of regular charging.

The notebook is powered by Intel Core Ultra 5 322 or 335 processors alongside the Core Ultra 7 355, with memory configurations ranging from 16 GB to 32 GB.

Buyers can choose between 256 GB, 512 GB, or 1 TB solid-state drives depending on storage requirements and professional workloads.

The BM94C features a 14-inch WUXGA display with 1,920 × 1,200 resolution, while its 16:10 aspect ratio provides additional vertical workspace for productivity tasks.

NEC pairs the display with Windows 11 Pro, aiming to improve productivity during document editing, multitasking, video conferencing, and extended office work.

Business features extend beyond lightweight hardware

Beyond its core hardware, the BM94C includes two Thunderbolt 4 ports, two USB 3.2 Gen 2 ports, HDMI, and Gigabit Ethernet for connecting modern peripherals and external displays.

Wireless connectivity comes through Wi-Fi 7 and Bluetooth 5.4, while a Full HD webcam supporting Windows Hello provides secure biometric sign-in for business users.

Those connectivity options allow users to connect multiple displays, wired networks, external storage devices, and modern accessories without requiring multiple external adapters.

NEC said the portable laptop was designed for professionals travelling frequently while still requiring desktop-class connectivity throughout the working day.

The BM94C forms part of NEC's refreshed LAVIE business lineup following the integration of its commercial computer operations under a single brand.

Via PC Watch (originally in Japanese)

Out of all the stories I've covered as a consumer tech journalist, subscription fatigue has been one of the most common frustrations I’ve come across — and the usual fixes of service hopping, signing up for discounted annual plans and searching for deals no longer seem to be cutting it.

Ongoing price hikes, vanishing content from catalogues and locking basic features behind paywalls have left the subscription model looking thoroughly squeezed by Big Tech — and it’s making people vote with their wallets.

We've already seen the resurgence of physical media, which has been partly fuelled by the growing frustration with 'renting' services, but there's also a small tech hobby that's starting to see a real spike in interest for similar reasons: DIY home servers.

Instead of paying an ongoing fee to access online services, many tech-savvy people are increasingly setting up their own private servers at home using nothing more than an old PC and some hard drives, in some cases.

Home servers are by no means new, but the scene has moved on from being the domain of hardcore tinkerers who wanted to do cool things with their friends online.

Google Trends data shows that even at its peak in 2007 — when Microsoft launched Windows Home Server at CES, popularizing plug-and-play storage for non-techies — self-hosting was still only ever popular among small groups of people.

But that's changing. Nowadays, interest in the topic is growing as more people experiment with old tech they already have lying around to get their privacy and digital ownership back from the tech giants, while also cutting down on e-waste.

To get a better understanding of why home servers are suddenly catching on, I spoke to DIY enthusiasts, hardware manufacturers, software providers, tech YouTubers and even one of the moderators of the r/HomeServer subreddit.

If you’re curious to learn more about home servers, keep reading to find out what they are, why the topic is trending, what they can be used for, and how you can start getting involved.

What is a home server?

The simplest way to describe a home server is to think of it just like any other computer. But unlike your everyday PC, this machine is a dedicated hub hosted on your private network that's accessible both locally and remotely.

Want to stop sending your holiday snaps to a big tech corporation and store them on a computer you own? Need one place to back up all your devices? A home server can do this in a way that functions much like your existing cloud subscriptions.

Looking to test a vibe-coded app without risking your main computer? You can absolutely use a virtual machine (VM) on your home server to simulate a safe 'computer inside a computer'. Just keep in mind that once you start building setups a small business would be proud of, you'll want to graduate from basic home servers and check out the r/HomeLab community.

New r/homelab Users Start Here from r/homelab

"A home server is really a sandbox," Zach Ferree, a tech YouTuber who runs the channel Zach’s Tech Turf with 1.98 million subscribers, says. "You can replicate the kind of environment you'd see in an actual IT department and test things out without any risk of breaking something that matters."

IT professionals often build robust home labs to safely test things like network configurations for sharing data or run demanding VMs. However, the rise of user-friendly containers — which are similar to VMs but instead of simulating the hardware, they mimic the software — has opened this world to everyday hobbyists too, who are increasingly using simplified home servers to bypass subscriptions, host their own apps, manage automations and more.

A big reason why home servers have become easier to use is because of the modern operating systems (OS) that have made them more user-friendly. Even VMs and containers are much more accessible, as these OS have replaced complex command-line setups with visual app stores.

Free, open-source server OS like Linux and TrueNas have played a major role in making that possible, according to Kris Moore, CTO at TrueNAS. "For home-lab enthusiasts and tech-savvy users, [home server OS] have provided an accessible way to explore the concept of running enterprise-grade storage solutions without requiring significant upfront investment in hardware."

This shift is largely due to how the software itself has evolved. Moore explains that TrueNAS has grown from a simple digital filing cabinet into a 'hyperconverged platform', which is essentially an all-in-one system that seamlessly handles both storage and computing.

By bridging that gap, Moore notes OS like TrueNAS SCALE make home servers "capable of running Linux containers, apps and virtual machines". "Making apps, virtual machines and containers fully supported features opened the door to far more deployment options beyond the traditional storage role [of home servers]," he added.

Why are home servers trending?

There are three major reasons why home servers are seeing a spike in interest. The first and foremost is because it's a cheaper alternative to paying for subscriptions. This is something I considered myself after running out of disc space and paying for multiple cloud subscriptions.

Betty Van, a former occupational therapist turned tech YouTuber with 1.3 million followers, hit the same wall a year ago on a much bigger scale. With a growing library of large video files from her channel Switch and Click, Google wanted to charge her close to $300 / £220 / AU$420 a month for 20TB of storage, even though the same sized hard drive costs only about $100 / £200 / AU$300 more.

Her next most common reason is to do with the entertainment services like music, movies, TV and gaming removing content to cut down on licensing costs or avoid paying residual fees. "My bills are going up and they're taking away shows — you don't have any sense of control over what is going on on the platforms," Van shared about her own experience.

"A good example would be The Greatest Showman. It was originally on Disney+ and then it moved to Hulu, and now it's nowhere. Or when Sony recently removed a bunch of movies. These events act as catalysts for people saying enough is enough, and then they look into the alternatives."

Those alternatives aren't just about building media servers either — even though it’s arguably "the primary draw", according to one of the moderators at r/HomeServers. “Home servers are absolutely not just about piracy. I believe people are realizing how much data companies hold on them and the power that comes with it.

"We expect Apple and Google to back up our photos indefinitely, but what happens if they terminate your account? Without regional data access rights, that's a lifetime of photos gone. Music streaming has the same issue. Songs and song libraries can vanish overnight, including the ones you love."

These events act as catalysts for people saying enough is enough, and then they look into the alternatives

Betty Van, YouTuber

Subscribers were reminded of that ownership gap recently when PlayStation announced it will stop releasing physical game discs from 2028, raising questions about why physical media regulations haven't caught up to digital assets, leaving buyers without a clear right to resell, trade or lend what they've 'bought'.

"Home servers have always been a niche corner of the tech world, but interest keeps growing. As companies keep chipping away at people's ownership of their own media, more people want that ownership back,” Ferree added.

Another part of this is that the boycotting of these services is being seen as a quiet revolt against Big Tech. By building local, self-hosted systems, everyday people are taking back control of their data, bypassing subscription traps and regaining their privacy — a shift increasingly championed by nonprofits like the Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF).

A post shared by Electronic Frontier Foundation (@efforg)

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Rory Mir, director of open access and tech community engagement at EEF, says: "There's the immediate revolts or protests of 'we're not going to pay this continual rent to these big operators', but then there’s a real sense of empowerment and independence that comes from not being beholden to a huge company.

"I think it's actually healthy for the internet as a whole, as an ecosystem, to have less centralized gatekeepers in that way," they added, raising the importance of healthy market competition, not being forced into upgrade cycles, avoiding outages and taking charge of your data.

What to use a home server for

Home servers are most commonly associated with home media libraries, which are a staple of the home-theatre community, but they're capable of far more than just storing and managing data.

A huge part of making that possible is the usability. Home server OS have lowered the barrier to entry by making it easier to interact with home servers. Most people will pick an OS based on the utility of their project, but home servers are becoming more plug-and-play, thanks to services like TrueNAS.

TrueNAS is paving the way for this, which is why it's one of the most popular choices in the wider home lab community. As a result, Moore has come across plenty of different use cases for home servers just by seeing what the software is being used for.

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TrueNAS is used in a remarkably diverse set of use cases worldwide

Kris Moore, TrueNAS

"TrueNAS is used in a remarkably diverse set of use cases worldwide," he says. "Just when we think we've seen it all, someone surprises us with something new. Making apps, VMs, and containers fully supported features opened the door to far more deployment options beyond the traditional storage role.

"In the home lab community, those range from the obvious — media and video serving (Plex, Jellyfin), development and CI/CD platforms (Gitea, Jenkins) [for testing code] — to less expected ones, like hosting game servers.

"On the TrueNAS Enterprise side, apps and VMs give us the flexibility to meet demanding customer workloads across a variety of market segments: media asset managers running directly on the storage array, backup software such as Veeam virtual storage appliances, and platforms for ingesting security camera feeds," Moore says.

Outside of home automations, which I’ll dig into more below, you can use your home server to do a wide range of useful tasks like running apps for tasks like organizing your notes, blocking annoying ads, managing passwords, hosting your own portfolio, running your own news feed, LLMs and AI agents.

What is a home assistant server?

(Image credit: Pixabay)

Home servers are also growing in popularity because they offer a way to combine the increasing number of smart home devices finding their way into our households into one management system.

They have also been found to be a great way to control and automate your setup without having to worry about forced updates, system outages or privacy.

There are dedicated smart home OS for home servers like Home Assistant — a free, open-source smart-home platform built by Paulus Schoutsen that now automates more than a million homes — that lets you control lights, security cameras, appliances and more, entirely through your own network.

Self-hosting used to be a bit intimidating, but it's really easy to get started nowadays

Paulus Schoutsen, Home Assistant

"Home Assistant runs locally in your home and doesn't require the internet to work. Most big-tech platforms grind to a halt the moment the internet drops.

"If you build your self-hosted smart home with Home Assistant, and choose devices that directly communicate with it [through protocols like Zigbee, Z-Wave or Matter compatible devices], your smart home will work with or without the internet," he says.

Schoutsen also highlights the sustainability benefits of home servers, and not just in the context of reusing old tech to set one up as part of the Right-to-Repair movement. "A device that outlives its manufacturer's interest doesn't have to become e-waste," he says.

"Because your hub and locally-connected devices don't depend on a company's servers, no one can switch them off from afar. Some Home Assistant users have decades-old smart home devices still running in their homes."

"Self-hosting used to be a bit intimidating, but it's really easy to get started nowadays. Our Home Assistant Green is an easy plug-and-play option to connect thousands of different smart home devices. It can even run other self-hosted apps."

Why home servers are suddenly so expensive

(Image credit: Unsplash / Liam Briese)

While the software for running home servers has got a lot easier to use over the years (you no longer have to live in a terminal), the hardware — despite becoming more accessible — is a lot less easy to come by at the time of writing. That's largely down to massive corporate demand for AI data centres, which has driven up RAM and storage prices for everyday hobbyists.

Then there's rising energy costs. Home servers do run around the clock, which adds up quickly as electricity bills climb, so it’s important to choose the hardware that you need to not use excess energy. As Mir suggests, "having more energy-efficient components [is a solution]."

"But then the ongoing energy as a user does involve maintenance," they say. "It does involve checking for updates. You're kind of committing to this being a hobby for ideally only a few hours a month, but it can be the least convenient time when you need to use those two hours.

"Those are the kinds of the things I would give [newcomers] a heads up about," Mir says before adding "remembering to have a proper backup system as well. I think a lot of people will treat their home server as 'I can just put all my files there and I have it backed up'. But it's best practice to have it either offsite or at least another backup, so that if your server goes kaput, you don't lose everything you've been curating there."

There are various strategies for mitigating the risk of losing data, but the gold standard at enterprise level is the '3-2-1 backup rule', which insists on three copies of the same data that are stored on two distinct types of hardware or storage tech (i.e. the cloud and a local hard drive), with one copy kept off-site. Although, many can get away with just a one backup.

The risks of home servers

(Image credit: iStock)

Home servers can pose real network-security risks if not set up properly. Fortunately, there are a lot of precautions that you can take when, for instance, setting up remote access.

Opening the wrong ports (essentially doorways that let your data in and out) to the internet can make your home network vulnerable to scammers. Using network security tools like VPNs, mesh VPNs, tunneling services and port forwarding can help to make sure that your devices connect securely to the internet. But each have their pros and cons, according to Dr Pete Membrey, ExpressVPN's Chief Research Officer.

[Whether you need a VPN for your home server] depends on the use case and the person using it as to which will work best for them

Dr Pete Membrey, ExpressVPN

"Mesh VPNs and tunneling services try to bridge the gap between VPNs and port forwarding, and in many cases, they can be beneficial. They're often touted as being simpler and easier to use than a traditional VPN, but in my opinion, this isn't really the case for most people," he says.

"Most find it much easier to understand that when they connect to their home VPN, it’s as though they connected to their Wi-Fi at home, and the level of access that would provide (just as if a malicious actor joined your home Wi-Fi).

"That's not to say that mesh systems aren't useful — they are very powerful — but they need to be set up correctly. It depends on the use case and the person using it as to which will work best for them."

Where to get started with home servers

More than half of the DAS users we surveyed already own a Mini PC or an older computer and tend to install systems like Unraid or TrueNAS to build their own servers

TerraMaster

Whether you're looking to reduce your subscriptions to cloud services like Dropbox or want to make better use of that old laptop that's been lying around, you might be considering setting up your first home server, but what type of setup is right for you is a hard question.

There's no such thing as a one-size-fits-all home server, simply because of the various different ways to approach it. As Ferree says, "it really comes down to what you're trying to get out of it".

Are you looking to replace basic cloud services? An off-the-shelf (network-attached storage) NAS device might be all you need to get you up and running fast.

TerraMaster, a company that specializes in making these devices, says that a "NAS offers the advantage of a hassle-free and reliable experience — dedicated systems, built-in data protection [like RAID / JBOD], remote access, and private cloud functionality are ready to use out of the box. They are particularly suitable for users seeking convenience, stability, and hands-free operation, making them the preferred choice for most home users."

Do you want to build a personal digital hub for the household and automate your home? You might want to explore the hooking up a PC to a direct-attached storage (DAS) route.

"More than half of the DAS users we surveyed already own a mini PC or an older computer and tend to install systems like Unraid or TrueNAS to build their own servers," a spokesperson from TerraMaster said.

For beginners, figure out your goal first. Scaling from there is just adding drives or moving to a bigger enclosure once you outgrow what you started with

Zach Ferree, YouTuber

"The core driving force behind this trend is cost-effectiveness: with rising prices for NAS systems and hard drives, users are unwilling to pay for duplicate CPUs, memory, and operating systems, instead choosing to reuse existing equipment to reduce costs."

"It's a lot like building a custom gaming PC versus buying a prebuilt one," Ferree says. "An off-the-shelf NAS means you're not troubleshooting compatibility issues, and you've got real support if something goes wrong.

"Building it yourself gets you more value for your money, since you're only paying for hardware, not a markup. You also pick up real skills along the way, and that translates directly into fields like IT and cybersecurity.

"For beginners, figure out your goal first. Scaling from there is just adding drives or moving to a bigger enclosure once you outgrow what you started with."

Looking for suggestions for my home server project. from r/HomeServerHow to set up a home server in 2026

A NAS (left) and DAS (right) offer two different ways to set up a home server (Image credit: Future)

While I'm not going to walk you through exactly how make your own home server or how to build the perfect home server here (I'm only at the start of my own journey), I will share some of the advice I got from my conversations with the community based on a few different scenarios.

"Let's say you have a computer or a laptop that's the main machine you use and you want to make that into a server," Van says. "You buy some drives, like a drive bay (it's an enclosure), and you use it as storage, like a normal computer would. That way, you're not using any complicated operating systems. It's just storage for you to use.

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"So, a step above that, I would say, is going with a NAS rather than the DAS. In the beginning, you can get an off-the-shelf one because it's really easy to use. And if you decide later on, 'I want to do something more unique', they don't tell you this, but you can override your NAS's OS with [say] a Linux one."

For Van, a NAS is the easier and more affordable way to get started with your own home server. "You lose some control, but most people aren't going to be using the advanced features where you need all that control in the first place."

"Then if you go even beyond that, and you have a ton of drives, and you want to do a lot of self-hosting with a lot of firepower, then I would say go the DIY route," she says.

Picking the right hardware setup for your home server can feel overwhelming, but if we boil it down to the three main setups that Van suggests, it becomes slightly easier to work out a starting point. Take the quiz below to find out which route fits your technical comfort level and end goals.

No matter which setup you landed on, it's important to keep a close eye on your budget. Surging RAM and storage prices have made building a custom DIY server from scratch a pricey endeavor. If you don't already have older hardware ready to repurpose, Van suggests an off-the-shelf option but warns that these are pricey nowadays too.

"I would definitely wait until PC parts go down a bit," Van says. "If you are self-hosting like local LLMs, then the DIY route does make way more sense because you can plug in your GPUs and max out your RAM. There are also NAS’s that do that nowadays, but they cost a lot."

Based on what the r/HomeServers have seen the community talk about, most first-timers are opting to repurpose existing hardware these days rather than buy or DIY a "proper" NAS, according to one of the subreddit's moderators.

"That is certainly the most frequent recommendation I see here and in similar subreddits, as well as what I would personally recommend to newcomers. Mini PCs are also a good starter point, but you certainly don't need to buy one," they said.

Pretty much any computer or laptop from the last decade will work perfectly fine for a beginner

A moderator from r/Home Server

"Pretty much any computer or laptop from the last decade will work perfectly fine for a beginner. You just don't need the latest and greatest enterprise-grade equipment to run a photo server. I would say mini PCs or repurposing your own machines is more common for novices."

Ultimately, as Ferree points out, home servers are about learning by doing. "If Linux feels intimidating, spin up a VM and practice basic tasks. If a role uses something like Active Directory, build a small test environment for that.

"And on the simplest level, set up a network share everyone in your house can use. You'll learn more from that first setup than you'd expect, and you walk away with something actually useful instead of passing a USB drive around the house."

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I watched two robot videos at the opposite ends of the Cantril Scale. You know, the ladder that measures human happiness in steps but that I am now applying to humanoid accomplishment?

At the bottom step and living its worst possible artificial life, we have this Qualcomm SoC-powered robot that, after delivering the new Qualcomm Dragonwing IQ10 robotics reference platform on a tray to a presenter, spectacularly collapsed lifelessly at the guy's feet. The robot raised one hand as if in defeat, and seconds later, handlers rushed out to throw a sheet over its lifeless mechanical body.

Robot powered by Qualcomm’s new AI chip dies mid-presentation from r/singularity

At the top of the ladder and full of artificial life satisfaction, we have the Apollo Robot from Apptronik. It's running DeepMind's Gemini Robotics 2, a new artificial intelligence layer that lets it autonomously accomplish a wide variety of human-like tasks, which it demonstrates in a new DeepMind video.

Watching the two videos side-by-side, I was struck by both the leaps in humanoid robotics we're making almost daily thanks to new foundation models and the ability to simulate robotic training at scale, and how many humanoid robots remain wildly disappointing.

As I told someone this week, I grow tired of all the companies promising robots in the home doing our bidding (and possibly doing all of our jobs) this year, let alone within the next five years. I've been covering robotics for a quarter of a century; I get the technology, I've watched the trajectory, and even with the most recent rapid acceleration, the majority of humanoid robots fall into the Qualcomm-chip-powered and not the Apollo and DeepMind camp.

It's not clear why the Qualcomm-chip-powered robot collapsed. It could've been an onboard error, which would not be a great way to sell Qualcomm's latest robotics SoC, or maybe it was simply the battery on the human-sized bot. Perhaps someone forgot to charge it up before the presentation, and when the battery was spent, all those electric servos keeping it upright and balanced gave out.

It's not like it was some exciting demonstration of the Qualcomm technology in the seconds before that, when the robot very slowly and carefully walked out on stage looking like someone's 1960s projection of future robot capabilities.

I suspect it would have done better if it were built based on DeepMind's latest breakthrough.

Gemini Robotics 2 is interesting because instead of disparate sensors making choices about movement and touch while someone teleoperates or preprograms the major movements and tasks, this system promises wholly centralized, whole-body control.

According to DeepMind's website on the new technology, Gemini Robotics 2 "brings whole-body intelligence to humanoids, enables advanced dexterity, and can coordinate multiple robots to work together in shared spaces."

The biggest stumbling block (no offense to Qualcomm's robotics technology) is the complexity of our world. Our homes, offices, streets, and overall environments are not carefully planned out to help us avoid mistakes. Instead, they're open environments where we constantly learn and adapt. Basically, we figure out how to live, work, and interact. At a fundamental level, that's what DeepMind hopes Gemini Robotics 2 produces.

They see Gemini Robotics 2 as "the brain that controls the whole body of the humanoid" and, through the use of sensors, vision, and subroutines, adapts and learns how to navigate. In one example they showed, an Apollo robot uses its hands to cinch and tie up a garbage bag. It's something humans do with ease, but it represented a breakthrough for these robots, because they had not been trained on the task.

Meanwhile, that Qualcomm chip-powered robot is lying on the floor after a short walk.

Gemini Robotics 2 is still in the research phase, but it points to more useful and potentially safer robots that can live and work among us and other robots without the constant need for training and oversight.

That's the true state of humanoid robots, and not the promises made by other competing humanoid robot companies like Tesla, Neo, and Figure, though their development may accelerate if they adopt systems like Gemini Robotics 2.

Update 7-31-2026 5:20PM ET: After we posted the story, Qualcomm sent us a note clarifying that the robot is not a Qualcomm humanoid, though it's running the chip maker's SoC, and added this statement explaining what happened with the robot:

“Live demos involve risk. At Computex in Taipei, a brief communication glitch triggered a fault in the prototype humanoid and initiated a controlled shutdown. The robot performed its designed ‘safe-collapse’ sequence, lowering itself to its knees to protect the environment around it. The safety systems worked as intended. The incident also provided valuable real-world data that is helping to further strengthen system reliability and accelerate development of safer, more resilient robotics."

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• Ukraine's MUL.E combines battlefield transport with portable electrical power for frontline units
• The electric motorcycle crosses anti-vehicle minefields without triggering many buried explosives
• A detachable generator keeps drones and communications equipment powered during extended frontline operations

Ukraine's Defense Ministry has codified the MUL.E, its first all-wheel-drive electric military motorcycle built for frontline conditions.

The MUL.E cleared for Armed Forces service after completing testing confirming its stated operational capabilities.

Unlike conventional military motorcycles, the vehicle also functions as a mobile power station capable of recharging drones, communications equipment, and other electronic devices during combat missions.

Beyond battlefield transport

The MUL.E was developed by a Ukrainian defence enterprise following requests from soldiers operating in demanding frontline conditions where mobility and flexibility remain increasingly important.

The motorcycle carries two soldiers, transports wounded personnel, hauls small cargo, and can tow a loaded trailer across difficult terrain where larger vehicles often struggle.

According to the Defence Ministry, the vehicle combines a 2×2 all-wheel-drive layout with two independent electric motors, allowing continued movement even if one motor becomes inoperable.

Officials also said the motorcycle operates with minimal noise, deploys quickly, offers extended autonomous operation, and delivers a range approaching 100 km on a full battery charge.

Its most distinctive battlefield feature involves travelling across anti-vehicle minefields without triggering many explosives designed for heavier military equipment.

Its wide off-road tyres combined with low ground pressure reportedly spread the motorcycle's weight similarly to an infantry soldier's foot, reducing the likelihood of activating mines intended for trucks or armoured vehicles.

The design also allows movement across sand, marshland, deep snow, washed-out ground, and other challenging environments where military mobility frequently becomes restricted.

Built to keep drones flying

The motorcycle also performs a second operational role through an onboard detachable petrol generator extending battery life while supplying electricity to frontline units.

Instead of becoming unusable after exhausting its battery, the additional generator recharges the motorcycle before operating independently as a portable energy source.

Soldiers can reportedly use the generator to recharge FPV drone batteries, radios, mobile phones, communications systems, or other electronic equipment.

That combination effectively transforms the motorcycle from a transport platform into mobile infrastructure supporting small units operating far from regular electrical networks.

The Defence Ministry said testing confirmed the MUL.E achieved its expected performance before entering military service.

Earlier in June, Ukraine approved the WOLFSTORM electric motorcycle capable of reaching 80 km/h while carrying two fully equipped soldiers and reducing thermal and acoustic detection.

The MUL.E extends that concept with additional capabilities designed for frontline mobility and field logistics.

Ukraine also continues expanding motorcycle procurement, with the Defence Procurement Agency contracting 1,500 motorcycles in 2026.

Military officials also said competitive bidding reduced procurement costs, saving the state budget by nearly $290,000 during the latest motorcycle purchase.

Whether these specialised vehicles achieve lasting battlefield success will likely depend upon operational performance rather than technical specifications alone.

Via Euromaidan